Phenotype SNPs for Scythians and Sarmatians

Below are derived allele counts and total numbers of reads for SNPs that have a large effect on phenotype for eight Scythian and Sarmatian genomes. Nonzero derived allele counts are in bold. Note that small derived allele counts may be due to DNA damage.

ASIP, rs6058017, Veddoid brown skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  2/2

EDAR, rs3827760, Mongoloid teeth, hair, etc.

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  4/4
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  2/6
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  3/3
IS2     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/1
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  15/34

IRF4, rs12203592, light hair and eyes, freckling

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/3
I0576   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/2
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/20
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/3
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  3/32

KITLG, rs12821256, blond hair

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/1
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/10
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  1/22

KITLG, rs642742, Veddoid brown skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/2
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  4/4
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  1/2
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  14/15

MC1R, rs1110400, red hair

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/11
I0576   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/1
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/11
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/6
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/35

MC1R, rs11547464, red hair

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/2
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/11
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  1/15
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/7
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/35

MC1R, rs1805005, blond hair, fair skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/2
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/3
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/3
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/1
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/24

MC1R, rs1805006, red hair, fair skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/7
I0576   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/1
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/15
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/5
IS2     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/1
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  1/35

MC1R, rs1805007, red hair, fair skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/11
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/13
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/7
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/37

MC1R, rs1805008, red hair, fair skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/7
I0576   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/1
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/9
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/5
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  1/33

MC1R, rs1805009, red hair, fair skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/16
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/22
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/6
IS2     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/1
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/32

MCM6, rs182549, ability to digest milk

Sample  Region   Culture   Date BC  D/T
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel  700–500  0/1
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk   400–200  0/2
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk   400–200  0/1

MCM6, rs4988235, ability to digest milk

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/9
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/18
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  4/32

OCA2, rs1800407, green or hazel eyes

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/5
I0576   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/1
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/11
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/30

OCA2, rs1800414, Mongoloid light skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/2
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/9
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/1
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  0/21

OCA2/HERC2, rs12913832, blue eyes

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/4
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  8/10
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  2/4
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  4/12

SLC24A5, rs1426654, Caucasoid light skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  4/4
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  25/26

SLC45A2, rs16891982, Caucasoid light skin

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  4/4
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  6/6
I0576   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/1
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/25
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/2
IS2     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  1/1
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  3/20

TYR, rs1042602, light skin, absence of freckles

Sample  Region   Culture            Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian    500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel           700–500  0/2
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  7/15
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk            400–200  0/3
Ze6     Eastern  Zevakino-Chilikta  900–600  5/21

TYR, rs1393350, blond hair, blue eyes

Sample  Region   Culture          Date BC  D/T
I0575   Western  Early Sarmatian  500–100  0/2
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian  500–100  0/1
I0577   Eastern  Aldy-Bel         700–500  0/2
Ι0562   Eastern  Pazyryk          400–200  0/16
I0563   Eastern  Pazyryk          400–200  0/3

TYRP1, rs2733831, light hair and eyes

Sample  Region   Culture          Date BC  D/T
I0574   Western  Early Sarmatian  500–100  0/1

‹ Y-SNP calls for Scythians and Sarmatians

K = 14 admixture analysis of Scythians and Sarmatians ›

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