Pigmentation of the Bell Beaker people

Below are predicted skin, hair, and eye color for new genomes from Neolithic, Copper Age, and Bronze Age Europe, most of which are from the people of the Bell Beaker culture.

Sample	Culture	Country	Date BC	Skin	Hair	Eyes
I4894	Middle Neolithic	Czech Republic	4488–4368	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I4893	Middle Neolithic	Czech Republic	4449–4348	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I4305	Neolithic	France	4825–4616	NA	Black	Brown
I4304	Neolithic	France	4787–4589	NA	Black	Brown
I4303	Neolithic	France	4778–4586	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I6750	Neolithic	England	3755–3660	NA	Blond	Blue
I6751	Neolithic	England	3755–3660	Medium	Black	Blue
I6762	Neolithic	England	4000–3300	NA	Black	NA
I3068	Neolithic	England	3692–3522	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I6759	Neolithic	England	3650–3522	Light	Black	Brown
I6761	Neolithic	England	3650–3400	NA	Brown	Brown
I5366	Neolithic	England	3643–3383	NA	Black	Brown
I2605	Neolithic	England	3631–2944	NA	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I2606	Neolithic	England	3330–2900	Light	Black	Brown
I5359	Neolithic	Wales	3800–3600	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I5358	Neolithic	Wales	3080–2904	Light	NA	NA
I2633	Neolithic	Scotland	3765–3641	Light	Black	Brown
I2659	Neolithic	Scotland	3761–3643	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2691	Neolithic	Scotland	3700–3639	Light	Black	Brown
I2634	Neolithic	Scotland	3703–3534	Light	Brown/ D-brown	NA
I2635	Neolithic	Scotland	3652–3389	Light	Black	Brown
I3135	Neolithic	Scotland	3640–3383	Light	Black	Blue
I2650	Neolithic	Scotland	3638–3380	NA	Black	Brown
I3134	Neolithic	Scotland	3633–3377	Light	Black	Brown
I3133	Neolithic	Scotland	3631–3377	Light	Black	Brown
I2637	Neolithic	Scotland	3629–3370	NA	Black	Brown
I3041	Neolithic	Scotland	3942–3037	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I3136	Neolithic	Scotland	3520–3365	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I2636	Neolithic	Scotland	3519–3361	Light	Black	Brown
I2988	Neolithic	Scotland	3516–3361	Light	Black	Brown
I2660	Neolithic	Scotland	3513–3352	Light	Black	Brown
I7554	Neolithic	Scotland	3366–3103	Light	Black	Brown
I2980	Neolithic	Scotland	3360–3101	Light	Black	Brown
I2651	Neolithic	Scotland	3360–3098	NA	Black	Brown
I3085	Neolithic	Scotland	3338–3026	Light	Black	Brown
I2934	Neolithic	Scotland	3338–3022	Light	Black	Brown
I2978	Neolithic	Scotland	3335–3023	Light	Black	NA
I2935	Neolithic	Scotland	3335–3011	Light	Black	Brown
I2979	Neolithic	Scotland	3333–2941	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I3138	Neolithic	Scotland	3263–2923	Light	Black	Brown
I2631	Neolithic	Scotland	3097–2906	NA	Black	Brown
I2933	Neolithic	Scotland	3010–2885	Light	Black	Brown
I2977	Neolithic	Scotland	3008–2763	NA	Black	Brown
I2630	Neolithic	Scotland	2580–2463	Light	Black	Brown
I2932	Neolithic	Scotland	2570–2347	Light	Black	Brown
I5117	Late Copper Age	Hungary	3400–3000	NA	D-blond/ Brown	NA
I5118	Late Copper Age	Hungary	3400–3000	NA	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I5119	Late Copper Age	Hungary	3400–3000	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I6601	Copper Age	Portugal	2800–2600	NA	NA	Brown
I7272	Corded Ware	Czech Republic	2900–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I7279	Corded Ware	Czech Republic	2900–2200	NA	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I7280	Corded Ware	Czech Republic	2900–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I1970	Bell Beaker	Portugal	2700–2300	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I0840	Bell Beaker	Portugal	2455–2200	Light	NA	NA
I4229	Bell Beaker	Portugal	2336–2063	Light	Black	Blue
I0455	Copper Age	Spain	2904–2667	NA	NA	Brown
I6617	Copper Age	Spain	2900–2300	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I6630	Copper Age	Spain	2900–2300	NA	NA	Brown
I0453	Copper Age	Spain	2458–2147	NA	NA	Brown
I6609	Copper Age	Spain	2436–2143	NA	NA	Brown
I6604	Copper Age	Spain	2127–1905	Light	NA	NA
I7040	Bronze Age	Hungary	2500–2200	NA	NA	Blue
I7041	Bronze Age	Hungary	2500–2200	NA	NA	Brown
I7042	Bronze Age	Hungary	2500–2200	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7043	Bronze Age	Hungary	2500–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I0258	Bell Beaker	Spain	2850–2250	NA	NA	Brown
I0262	Bell Beaker	Spain	2850–2250	Light	NA	NA
I0459	Bell Beaker	Spain	2600–2200	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I0461	Bell Beaker	Spain	2455–2201	NA	Black	Brown
I6472	Bell Beaker	Spain	2500–2000	NA	NA	Brown
I6584	Bell Beaker	Spain	2500–2000	NA	NA	Brown
I6587	Bell Beaker	Spain	2500–2000	NA	NA	Brown
I5665	Bell Beaker	Spain	2280–1984	NA	NA	Brown
I6623	Bell Beaker	Spain	1956–1743	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I3528	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2559–2301	NA	NA	Blue
I3529	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2500–2200	NA	Black	Brown
I4178	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2500–2200	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7044	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2500–2200	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I7045	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2500–2200	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2365	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2464–2207	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I2786	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2458–2205	NA	D-brown/ Black	Inter-mediate
I2787	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2457–2201	Light	Red	Brown
I2741	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2457–2153	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2364	Bell Beaker	Hungary	2468–2063	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I1392	Bell Beaker	France	2833–2475	Light	Black	Brown
I1390	Bell Beaker	France	2480–2210	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I1388	Bell Beaker	France	2455–2134	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I1382	Bell Beaker	France	2434–2135	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I1391	Bell Beaker	France	2396–2060	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I1381	Bell Beaker	France	2400–1900	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I3874	Bell Beaker	France	2200–2035	Light	Black	Brown
I3875	Bell Beaker	France	2133–1946	Light	Black	Brown
I7205	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7210	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	NA	Blond	Blue
I7211	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I7212	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I7213	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7214	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I7249	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I7250	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	NA	Brown
I7251	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I7269	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	NA	Black	Blue
I7275	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I7276	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7278	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I7281	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I7282	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	Blond	Blue
I7283	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I7286	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I7287	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I7289	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I7290	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I5514	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–2000	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I4946	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2296–2146	NA	NA	Brown
I4945	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2291–2144	NA	NA	Brown
I4885	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2289–2143	NA	Black	Brown
I4896	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2288–2142	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I5666	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–1900	NA	NA	Brown
I6480	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2500–1900	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I4889	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2281–2062	NA	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I4891	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2281–2062	NA	Black	Brown
I4895	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2273–2047	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I4886	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2205–2042	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I4887	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2201–2039	NA	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I4888	Bell Beaker	Czech Republic	2190–2029	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
E09537	Bell Beaker	Germany	2471–2298	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
E09538	Bell Beaker	Germany	2464–2210	NA	Black	Brown
E09568	Bell Beaker	Germany	2460–2210	NA	Black	Brown
I5020	Bell Beaker	Germany	2457–2205	Dark	NA	NA
E09569	Bell Beaker	Germany	2396–2148	Light	Black	Brown
I4132	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	NA	Brown
I5023	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I5519	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I5520	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	Brown/ D-brown	NA
I5521	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	NA	Brown
I5523	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I5524	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	Black	Brown
I5525	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I5529	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	Black	Brown
I5531	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	Blond	Blue
I5655	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	NA	Brown
I5658	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I5661	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Medium	NA	NA
I5833	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I5834	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	Black	Brown
I5835	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	Black	Brown
I5836	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	Blond	Blue
I6590	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I6591	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	Black	Brown
I6624	Bell Beaker	Germany	2500–2000	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I3590	Bell Beaker	Germany	2335–2140	NA	Black	Brown
I3588	Bell Beaker	Germany	2300–2150	NA	Black	NA
I3594	Bell Beaker	Germany	2300–2150	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I3601	Bell Beaker	Germany	2300–2150	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I3602	Bell Beaker	Germany	2300–2150	NA	NA	Brown
E09613	Bell Beaker	Germany	2289–2140	Light	Black	Brown
E09614	Bell Beaker	Germany	2270–2045	Light	Black	Brown
I5757	Bell Beaker	Switzerland	2469–1984	NA	NA	Brown
I5759	Bell Beaker	Switzerland	2469–1984	Light	NA	Blue
I4253	Bell Beaker	Poland	2456–2207	Light	NA	NA
I6581	Bell Beaker	Poland	2455–2145	Light	Black	Brown
I6580	Bell Beaker	Poland	2300–2150	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I6582	Bell Beaker	Poland	2343–2057	Light	Black	Brown
I6583	Bell Beaker	Poland	2289–2050	Light	Black	Brown
I5379	Bell Beaker	Britain	2469–2296	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I5367	Bell Beaker	Britain	2467–2232	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I2418	Bell Beaker	Britain	2455–2200	Light	Black	Brown
I2417	Bell Beaker	Britain	2500–2140	NA	Black	Brown
I2450	Bell Beaker	Britain	2461–2146	Light	Black	Brown
I2459	Bell Beaker	Britain	2455–2150	NA	Black	NA
I5385	Bell Beaker	Britain	2455–2147	NA	Black	Brown
I5376	Bell Beaker	Britain	2454–2141	Light	NA	NA
I6775	Bell Beaker	Britain	2400–2000	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I6777	Bell Beaker	Britain	2500–1900	Light	Blond	Blue
I6778	Bell Beaker	Britain	2500–1900	NA	Blond	Blue
I1765	Bell Beaker	Britain	2341–2041	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I6774	Bell Beaker	Britain	2287–2044	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I2453	Bell Beaker	Britain	2288–2040	Light	Black	Brown
I2445	Bell Beaker	Britain	2396–1929	Light	Blond	Blue
I2568	Bell Beaker	Britain	2286–2038	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I2443	Bell Beaker	Britain	2284–2028	NA	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I4950	Bell Beaker	Britain	2500–1800	Light	Black	Brown
I5512	Bell Beaker	Britain	2500–1800	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I5513	Bell Beaker	Britain	2500–1800	Light	Brown/ D-brown	Brown
I2452	Bell Beaker	Britain	2276–1980	NA	Black	Brown
I2566	Bell Beaker	Britain	2204–2035	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I3256	Bell Beaker	Britain	2203–2029	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2454	Bell Beaker	Britain	2198–1983	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I1767	Bell Beaker	Britain	2200–1979	Light	Black	Blue
I3255	Bell Beaker	Britain	2135–1949	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2447	Bell Beaker	Britain	2115–1910	Light	Black	Blue
I1770	Bell Beaker	Britain	2400–1600	NA	Brown/ D-brown	NA
I6579	Bronze Age	Poland	2335–2046	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I6537	Bronze Age	Poland	2290–2041	NA	Black	NA
I6531	Bronze Age	Poland	2286–2038	Light	Black	Brown
I2478	Bell Beaker	Italy	2194–1939	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I1979	Bell Beaker	Italy	2200–1930	NA	NA	Brown
I2477	Bell Beaker	Italy	2200–1930	Light	Black	Brown
I5748	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	2579–2233	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I5750	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	2300–1900	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I4074	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	2278–1915	NA	D-brown/ Black	NA
I4073	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	2195–1905	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I4068	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	2131–1951	Light	D-brown/ Black	NA
I4069	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	2188–1887	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I4075	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	2118–1937	Light	Black	Brown
I4076	Bell Beaker	Netherlands	1882–1750	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I5035	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2300–1900	Light	NA	NA
I5037	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2300–1900	NA	NA	Brown
I5042	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2300–1900	NA	NA	Blue
I5043	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2300–1900	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I5044	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2300–1900	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7195	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I7196	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	Light	Black	Brown
I7197	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I7198	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I7199	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	Light	Blond	Blue
I7200	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I7201	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	Light	Brown/ D-brown	Brown
I7202	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	NA	Black	Brown
I7203	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	2200–1700	NA	NA	Brown
I4884	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	1882–1745	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I4892	Early Bronze Age	Czech Republic	1881–1701	Light	Brown/ D-brown	Blue
I2612	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2464–2208	NA	NA	Blue
I2461	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2500–2140	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2457	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2467–2030	Light	Brown/ D-brown	Blue
I2596	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2273–2034	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I2597	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2269–2033	NA	Blond	Blue
I2604	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2265–2031	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7635	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2193–1978	NA	NA	Blue
I2618	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2134–1950	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2600	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2133–1937	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7638	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2286–1778	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I2462	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2128–1891	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I2609	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	2022–1771	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I2601	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1955–1750	NA	Brown	Brown
I2421	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1930–1759	NA	NA	Blue
I5441	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1938–1744	NA	Black	NA
I2610	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1935–1745	Light	NA	NA
I2463	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1925–1700	NA	NA	Brown
I2602	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1892–1699	Light	Black	Brown
I5377	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1894–1694	Light	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I6680	Copper / Early Bronze Age	England	1876–1625	NA	D-blond/ Brown	Brown
I2567	Copper / Early Bronze Age	Scotland	2275–1884	Light	Black	Brown
I3132	Copper / Early Bronze Age	Scotland	2118–1887	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I5516	Copper / Early Bronze Age	Scotland	1866–1615	NA	NA	Blue
I2981	Copper / Early Bronze Age	Scotland	1950–1496	Light	Blond	Blue
I4071	Bronze Age	Netherlands	1883–1664	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I4070	Bronze Age	Netherlands	1880–1657	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I1775	Copper / Early Bronze Age	Wales	1730–1532	NA	Blond/ D-blond	Blue
I2573	Middle Bronze Age	Scotland	1500–1301	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2653	Middle Bronze Age	Scotland	1500–1300	Light	Brown/ D-brown	Blue
I2654	Middle Bronze Age	Scotland	1500–1300	NA	Black	Brown
I2655	Middle Bronze Age	Scotland	1441–1272	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7570	Middle Bronze Age	England	1735–1531	NA	D-blond/ Brown	Blue
I7573	Middle Bronze Age	England	1642–1507	Light	Blond	Blue
I2639	Middle Bronze Age	England	1600–1430	Light	NA	NA
I7568	Middle Bronze Age	England	1600–1300	Light	Black	Brown
I3082	Middle Bronze Age	England	1498–1394	Light	D-brown/ Black	NA
I7572	Middle Bronze Age	England	1510–1302	NA	D-brown/ Black	NA
I7579	Middle Bronze Age	England	1496–1300	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I2458	Middle Bronze Age	England	1492–1287	Light	Brown/ D-brown	Blue
I7640	Middle Bronze Age	England	1430–1282	Light	Black	Brown
I7571	Middle Bronze Age	England	1448–1259	Light	Black	Brown
I7574	Middle Bronze Age	England	1406–1230	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7627	Middle Bronze Age	England	1410–1222	Light	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I7626	Middle Bronze Age	England	1395–1130	Light	Brown/ D-brown	Brown
I7577	Middle Bronze Age	England	1386–1123	Light	Black	Brown
I7575	Middle Bronze Age	England	1263–1043	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I7580	Middle Bronze Age	England	1256–1018	NA	Black	Brown
I7578	Middle Bronze Age	England	1225–1013	NA	Black	Brown
I7576	Middle Bronze Age	England	1206–1003	Light	Black	Brown
I7628	Middle Bronze Age	England	1208–978	NA	D-brown/ Black	Brown
I5383	Late Bronze Age	England	1090–900	NA	Blond	NA
I2656	Late Bronze Age	Scotland	1278–979	Light	D-blond/ Brown	NA
I3130	Late Bronze Age	Scotland	977–829	Light	Black	Brown
I2861	Late Bronze Age	Scotland	976–828	Light	Black	Brown
I2860	Late Bronze Age	Scotland	969–815	Light	D-brown/ Black	Blue
I2859	Late Bronze Age	Scotland	910–809	Light	D-blond/ Brown	Brown

‹ Phenotype SNPs for Bell Beaker genomes

K = 14 admixture analysis of ancient Southeastern European genomes ›

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